Climate change by any other name: Social representations and language practices of coastal inhabitants on Mayotte Island in the Indian Ocean.

As population-related climate change research increases, so does the need to nuance approaches to this complex phenomenon, including issues related to cultural and linguistic translations. To explore how climate change is understood in understudied societies, a case-study approach is taken to address social representations of climate change by inhabitants of a Maore village in the French island of Mayotte. The study explores how local fishers understand the issue when considering observed environmental changes. Based on analyses of 30 interviews, the study found that social representations and related climate change discourses are not well established, except for individuals in close contact with French institutions. Issues regarding local culture and language reveal the importance of understanding the different components of climate change. Climate change communication and awareness-raising on the island are explored, as well as considerations of culturally and linguistically complex settings with a Global North/Global South interface.

Free word association analysis of German laypeople's perception of biodiversity and its loss.

Due to the dramatic biodiversity crisis, it is crucial to understand how people perceive biodiversity. Knowledge of how thoughts are organized around this concept can identify which ideas are best to focus on biodiversity conservation information campaigns. The primary aim of the present study was to identify social representations of the German public regarding the concept of biodiversity and its loss using a free word association test. Furthermore, unique association networks were analyzed. For this purpose, data collection was performed in September 2021 in Germany using an online questionnaire to assess participants' associations with the prompt "biodiversity" (n = 131) and "biodiversity loss" (n = 130). Additionally, we used the social network software Gephi to create biodiversity (loss) association networks. The five most commonly mentioned associations for biodiversity were "animal," "plant," "nature," "human," and "flower." For biodiversity loss, the five most commonly mentioned associations were "species extinction," "climate change," "plant," "insect," and "bee." Neither "land use change" nor "invasive species," as key drivers of biodiversity loss, were present in social representations of the German public. A difference was observed in the total number of mentioned associations between biodiversity and biodiversity loss. For both, the associations "plant" and "animal" were related. However, participants associated specific taxa only with animals, such as "insects" and "birds." For plants, no specific taxa were named. Based on the network analysis, the most commonly mentioned word pairs for biodiversity and biodiversity loss were "plant - animal" and "species loss - climate change," respectively. Based on our statistical network analysis, these associations were identified as the most central associations with the greatest influence in the network. Thus, they had the most connections and the function of predicting the flow in the network. In sum, the public's multifaceted views on biodiversity and its loss, as well as the aforementioned central associations, hold great potential to be utilized more for the communication and education of biodiversity conservation. In addition, our findings contribute to the scientific community's understanding of social representations and perceptions of biodiversity and its loss.

Ultra-Orthodox Lesbian Women in Israel: Alternative Family Structures as a Bridge between Religious and Sexual Identities.

The Jewish ultra-Orthodox community enforces strict rules concerning its members' way of life and demands that their identities be consistent with that of this conservative community. However, such congruence does not exist for ultra-Orthodox women who identify as lesbians. Drawing on social representation theory, this study examines the unique family structures that lesbian ultra-Orthodox women in Israel have adopted to accommodate their conflicting identities. The study employed a qualitative multiple case study design, conducting in-depth interviews with seven ultra-Orthodox lesbian women, and adopted a phenomenological approach to learn about their lived experience. The women had all married young in arranged marriages and all had children. Four of them were still married, while the other three were divorced. In all cases, however, their lesbian identity was kept hidden. The findings reveal the unique family structures these women created that allowed them to maintain their religious way of life on the surface, while remaining committed to their sexual identity in secret. The study extends the social representation theory and promotes an understanding of the multifaceted identity of ultra-Orthodox lesbian women. The findings can aid in designing interventions that can help such women cope with the secret aspects of their life.

#Nomask on Instagram: Exploring Visual Representations of the Antisocial Norm on Social Media.

Social media (SM) functions such as hashtags and photo uploading can enrich and expedite user interactions, but can also facilitate the online spread of antisocial norms. Mask aversion is one such antisocial norm shared on SM in the current COVID-19 pandemic circumstances. This study utilized the social representation theory (SRT) to explore how mask aversion is visually represented in the Instagram photos tagged with #NoMask. It examined the overall content of the photos, the characteristics of the faces portrayed in the photos, and the presented words in the photos. Additionally, the study grouped the photos through k-means clustering and compared the resulting clusters in terms of content, characteristics of the faces, presented words, pixel-level characteristics, and the public's responses to the photos. The results indicate that people, especially human faces, were visually represented the most in the Instagram photos tagged with #NoMask. Two clusters were generated by k-means clustering-Text-centered and people-centered. The visual representations of the two clusters differed in terms of content characteristics and pixel-level attributes. The texts presented in the photos manifested a unique way of delivering key messages. The photos of the people-centered cluster received more positive comments than the text-centered one; however, the two clusters were not significantly different in eliciting engagement. This study can contribute to expanding the scope of SRT to visual representations and hashtag movements.

Outlining the role of experiential expertise in professional work in health care service co-production.

Patient and public involvement is widely thought to be important in the improvement of health care delivery and in health equity.Purpose: The article examines the role of experiential knowledge in service co-production in order to develop opiate substitution treatment services (OST) for high-risk opioid users.Method: Drawing on social representations theory and the concept of social identity, we explore how experts' by experience and registered nurses' understandings of OST contain discourses about the social representations, identity, and citizenship of the participants and the effects these may have on developing or hindering inclusive and bottom-up forms of patient and public involvement.Results: The meeting sessions that potentially offer room for creativity and problem-solving fail to provide any new propositions for fixing the system. The health care professionals primarily identify themselves as regulators who protect the correctness of their actions and show little interest in considering experiential knowledge on opioid addiction. Conclusion: The participation of patients has been one of the prominent reforms implemented in health care. The goal of client-centered thinking is often emphasised; however, the implementation is not simple due to the strongly institutionalised knowledge and related working patterns and practices in health care.

Public perception of geothermal power plants in Korea following the Pohang earthquake: A social representation theory study.

This study sought to determine how the residents of Pohang, Korea, perceive geothermal plants after the 2017 Pohang earthquake by applying social representation theory through a mixed-method approach incorporating qualitative and quantitative research. The residents' perception of the geothermal plant was largely anchored to their perception of nuclear power plants. At the time of the Gyeongju earthquake in 2016, public discourse on nuclear accidents developed and was thereafter perpetuated by the Pohang earthquake victims via cognitive anchoring. The survey results demonstrated that Pohang residents had a significantly negative opinion on geothermal plants regardless of safety, climate change mitigation, and economic factors. Upon analyzing the respondents' energy preferences through factor analysis, geothermal power plants were found to aggregate in the same category as nuclear power plants. This result statistically confirms that Pohang residents associate geothermal power plants with the risk discourse on nuclear power plants.

Representações sociais da paternidade: um estudo comparativo / Social representations of fatherhood: a comparative study

A paternidade pode ser compreendida como uma construção social, sofrendo modificações na forma como é vivenciada e exercida em virtude de transformações da sociedade. Este trabalho buscou comparar as representações sociais da paternidade no ano de 2004 e no ano de 2014. Foi utilizado conteúdo de 17 depoimentos apresentados na sessão 'Conversa de Homem' da revista do tipo magazine Pais & Filhos. O referencial escolhido para a análise dos dados foi o método de associação de ideias de Spink. Identificou-se que, em cada momento investigado, o pai apresenta preocupações diferenciadas, as quais são influenciadas pelas demandas sociais vigentes e por sua bagagem pessoal. O homem parece cada vez mais interessado pelo universo infantil, buscando conhecimentos para se inserir de forma participativa na vida dos filhos. Além disso, prepara-se internamente para exercer a paternidade. Esse maior envolvimento do pai contribui para a transformação subjetiva do homem como sujeito.(AU)

Fatherhood can be understood as a social construction. It has been going through modifications in the way it is experienced and exercised due to social movements. This study aimed to compare social representations of fatherhood in the years of 2004 and 2014. 17 testimonies from 'Conversa de Homem' section of - Pais & Filhos, magazine were used. It was identified that in each socio-historical moment the father presents different types of preoccupations, according to the social demands and personal issues. Man seems increasingly interested in the children's universe, seeking more knowledge in order to be inserted in a participatory role in the lives of children. Besides, the father prepares himself for fatherhood. This greater involvement contributes to a subjective transformation of man as a person.(AU)

Apontamentos sobre a História da Psicologia Social no Brasil / Notes on the history of Social Psychology in Brazil / Apuntes sobre la historia de la Psicología Social en Brasil

Neste artigo, buscamos apresentar algumas das abordagens teóricas, grupos de pesquisa e instituições que fizeram e fazem parte do vasto (e diverso) campo da psicologia social brasileira. Para isso, em um primeiro momento, retomamos o modo como a história dessa ciência costuma ser contada - colocando a "crise de referência" da década de 1970 como um importante momento de inflexão, no qual ganham força a oposição ao modelo positivista de ciência e a necessidade de desenvolver abordagens críticas e comprometidas com a transformação social. Em um segundo momento, apresentamos algumas das abordagens teórico-metodológicas desenvolvidas após esse momento de "crise". Mais especificamente, abordamos o desenvolvimento da análise institucional, da psicologia sócio-histórica, da teoria das representações sociais e das abordagens construcionistas.(AU)

In this article, we aim to present some of the theoretical approaches, research groups and institutions that that have been part of the vast (and diverse) field of Brazilian social psychology. With this in mind, we begin with the history of the subject as it is usually told, placing the "crisis of reference" of the 1970's as an important turning point and two important ideas which gain ground then: opposing forces to the positivistic model of science and the recognition of the need to develop critical approaches committed to social transformation. After that, we present some of the theoretical-methodological approaches developed after this moment of "crisis". More specifically, we will tackle the development of institutional analysis, social-historical psychology, social representation theory and constructionist perspectives.(AU)

En este artículo, buscamos presentar algunos de los abordajes teóricos, grupos de investigación e instituciones que formaron y forman parte del vasto (y diverso) campo de la psicología social brasileña. Para ello, en un primer momento, retomamos el modo en que la historia de esta ciencia suele ser relatada - colocando la "crisis de referencia" de la década de 1970 como un importante momento de inflexión, en el que ganan fuerza la oposición al modelo positivista de ciencia y la necesidad de desarrollar enfoques críticos y comprometidos con la transformación social. En un segundo momento, presentamos algunos de los enfoques teórico-metodológicos desarrollados después de ese momento de "crisis". Más específicamente, abordamos el desarrollo del análisis institucional, de la psicología socio-histórica, de la teoría de las representaciones sociales y de los abordajes construccionistas.(AU)

Comunicação de risco versus comunicação de crise na saúde pública: o discurso das autoridades diante de uma epidemia de dengue / Risk communication versus crisis communication in the public health: the authorities speech in the face of a dengue epidemic / Comunicación de riesgo versus comunicación de crisis en la salud pública: el discurso de las autoridades ante una epidemia de dengue

Este artigo busca analisar os discursos, veiculados pela imprensa, das autoridades sanitárias e políticas sobre a primeira epidemia de dengue em Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil, em 1990, com o propósito de verificar a predominância ou não do uso da comunicação de crise. Foi feita uma pesquisa qualitativa embasada na teoria das representações sociais. e foram resgatadas 126 notícias de jornais e revistas sobre a epidemia em questão utilizando o método intitulado discurso do sujeito coletivo. A mídia desviou a atenção dos leitores para os embates políticos, e não para questões relativas ao binômio epidemiologia/saúde. Mesmo que o conteúdo informacional culpasse tanto o governo quanto a população, os leitores assumiram uma postura de passividade diante da situação. A grande mídia tem o poder de influenciar o cotidiano das pessoas e suas atuações políticas. Ela se apresenta como espaço de poder, com força na disputa pela hegemonia e na constituição da opinião pública sobre questões de saúde.

The objective of this article is to analyze the discourses by the public health and political authorities published by the print media on the first dengue epidemic in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo/Brazil in 1990, in order toverify whether or not there is a prevalence of the use of the crisis communication. A qualitative research was developed based on the social representation theory and 126 news about that epidemic were extracted from newspapers and journals using the method in titled collective subject discourse. The media diverted the attention of readers from matters relating to the binomial epidemiology/health to the existing political conflicts. Thus, even the media bringing an informational content that blamed both the government and the population, the readers assumed a passive attitude in the face of that situation. The great media has power to influence the daily life of people and their political actions. The media presents itself as a power sphere, with strength in the struggle for the hegemony and in the formation of the opinion about the health problems.

Este artículo busca analizar los discursos de las autoridades de salud pública y políticas que la prensa transmitió en la primera epidemia de dengue en Ribeirão Preto/São Paulo/Brasil en 1990, con el fin deverificar se ha prevalecido o no el empleo de la comunicación de crisis. Hemos realizado uno estudio cualitativo basado en la teoría de las representaciones sociales y 126 noticias fueron extraídas de la prensa diaria y de otros periodicos utilizando el método del discurso del sujeto colectivo. Los medios de comunicación desvíaron la atención de los lectores para los conflictos políticos existentes, y no para los asuntos relacionados con el binomio epidemiología/salud. Aunque el contenido informativo culpase tanto el gobierno como la población, los lectores asumieron una postura pasiva en relación a aquella situación. Los grandes medios de comunicación tienen poder para influir en el día a día de las personas y en susacciones políticas. Ellos se presentan como un espacio de poder, con fuerza en la lucha por la hegemonía yen la formación de la opinión pública sobre cuestiones de salud.

Implicaciones del marco teórico de lo imaginario en la psicología social / Implications of the theoretical framework of the imaginary on social psychology

En el presente estudio abordaremos dos de las principales concepciones sobre los mecanismos implicados en la construcción significativa del mundo. Hablamos de la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales (TRS), formulada desde la psicología, y del marco teórico de lo imaginario, formulado principalmente desde la antropología y la filosofía. Procederemos exponiendo, primero, la TRS y, posteriormente, los acercamientos al marco teórico de lo imaginario desde diferentes disciplinas, para señalar las aportaciones que ofrece este último a la psicología social, aportaciones éstas que complementan las de la TRS. Así, este estudio tiene como objetivos realizar un análisis teórico de la TRS y del marco teórico de lo imaginario y especificar las contribuciones e implicaciones del marco teórico de lo imaginario a la psicología social (y, más concretamente, a la psicología cultural) de modo a observar cómo el concepto de imaginario social incluye y trasciende al de representación social(RS). Consideraremos las implicaciones ontológicas, epistemológicas, metodológicas y para la salud de la utilización del marco teórico de lo imaginario en la psicología cultural. En este sentido, propondremos la adopción de dicho concepto por la psicología, considerando que el mismo es fundamental por su capacidad explicativa, comprensiva, interpretativa y crítica.

This study aims at two of the main ideas about the mechanisms involved in the meaningful construction of the world. Even though they are multidisciplinary, these two perspectives are fundamentally born from two different disciplines: the Social Representation Theory (TRS), based on psychology, and the Theoretical Framework of the Imaginary, mainly based on Anthropology and Philosophy. The study will address TRS firstly and, subsequently, the approaches to Theoretical Framework of the Imaginary from different disciplines, in order to identify the contributions offered by the latter to Social Psychology that complement those of TRS. Thereby, this study aims at delivering a theoretical analysis of the TRS and of the Theoretical Framework of the Imaginary and at specifying the contributions and implications of the Theory of the Imaginary to Social Psychology (and, specifically, to Cultural Psychology) in order to see how the social imaginary concept includes and transcends the social representation (RS) concept. The ontological, epistemological, methodological and health implications of using the Theoretical Framework of the Imaginary in cultural psychology will be considered. In this regard, this concept adoption by psychology will be proposed, since it is essential for its explanatory abilities, understanding, interpretation and criticism.

Pesquisa em representações sociais no Brasil: cartografia dos grupos registrados no CNPq / Research in social representations in Brazil: cartographic of the groups registered on CNPq / Investigación en representaciones sociales en Brasil: cartografía de los grupos registrados en CNPq

Neste trabalho, buscou-se identificar e caracterizar os grupos de pesquisa brasileiros que desenvolvem a teoria das representações sociais (TRS). Foram coletados dados da página do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), a partir dos seguintes termos “representação social” e “representações sociais”, sem recorte temporal. Em seguida, realizaram-se análise da página dos grupos, tabulação e análise dos resultados. Foram identificados 172 grupos de pesquisa que estudam a TRS, sendo a maior parte desses localizados no Sudeste do país. Constata-se que a TRS refere-se a um referencial teórico e metodológico vivo, em constante produção no Brasil. A TRS encontra-se presente nos diferentes campos e áreas do conhecimento, revelando o seu caráter interdisciplinar e sua apropriação para a compreensão de fenômenos de ordens distintas.

In this work, we identify and characterize the Brazilian research groups that develop the social representation theory (SRT). We collected data from the CNPq’s Research Groups Directory submitting terms like “social representation” and “social representations”, without time period. Then, we analyzed of the page groups, organized and analyzed of results. We identified 172 research groups studding SRT, the most part of them from the Southeastern region of Brazil. We concluded that SRT is a theoretical and methodological framework, active and in constant production in Brazil. SRT is an interdisciplinary theory, being present in different knowledge areas and fields, and it helps the comprehension of phenomena in distinct contexts.

En este estudio, hemos tratado de identificar y caracterizar los grupos de investigación de Brasil que desarrollan la teoría de las representaciones sociales (TRS). Se obtuvieron datos de la página Consejo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (CNPq) de las siguientes términos “representación social” y “representaciones sociales”, si ningún marco de tiempo. Se realizó análisis de las páginas de los grupos, tabulación y análisis de los resultados. Se identificaron 172 grupos de investigación que estudian la TRS y la mayoría de ellos se encuentra en el Sudeste de Brasil. También se observó que la teoría está presente en diferentes campos y áreas de lo conocimiento, revelando su carácter interdisciplinario y su apropiación para la comprensión de los fenómenos de distintas órdenes.

Representação social acerca dos animais e bioética de proteção: subsídios à construção da educação humanitária / La representación social acerca de los animales y la bioética de protección: subsidios a la construcción de la educación humanitaria / The social representation of animals and bioethics of protection: subsidies to build up humanitarian education

O presente estudo visa identificar as representações sociais que crianças do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública de Brasília/DF fazem sobre os animais. Quatro grupos focais foram realizados e os dados, interpretados a partir da bioética de proteção, que defende que pacientes morais suscetíveis ou vulnerados a danos devem ser protegidos. O estudo considera ser relevante conhecer as representações sociais de estudantes sobre os animais, com vistas a subsidiar medidas educativas eficazes que contribuam para evitar que se continue a atribuir valor instrumental aos animais. Os dados mostram que a representação dos participantes fundamenta-se no afeto e na empatia por cães e gatos, e no especismo eletivo referente a algumas espécies. A partir dos resultados, foi possível constatar que as crianças tendem a seguir a forma socialmente conotada de classificação, indicando a necessidade de adotar medidas educativas para futuramente romper o padrão antropocêntrico que pauta as relações humanas com as outras espécies.

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo identificar las representaciones sociales que los niños de primaria de una escuela pública de Brasilia, Distrito Federal hacen sobre los animales. Se llevaron a cabo cuatro grupos de discusión, y los datos, interpretados a partir de la bioética de protección, que defiende que los pacientes morales susceptibles o vulnerables a daños deban ser protegidos. El estudio considera que es relevante conocer las representaciones sociales de los estudiantes acerca de los animales, para apoyar subsidios educativos eficaces que contribuyan evitar que se continúe a atribuir valor instrumental a los animales. Los datos muestran que la representación de los participantes se basa en el afecto y la empatía hacia los perros y gatos, y en el especismo electivo, referente a algunas especies. A partir de los resultados, fue posible constatar que los niños tienden a seguir la forma socialmente connotada de clasificación, indicando la necesidad de adoptar medidas educativas para que un futuro se rompa con el patrón antropocéntrico que pauta las relaciones humanas con otras especies.

This study aims to identify the social representations that elementary school children from a public school in Brasilia, Federal District do about animals. Four focus groups were conducted with elementary school children, and the data were interpreted in the light of bioethics of protection, which argues that moral patients that are either harmed or vulnerable to damage must be protected. The study considers that it is relevant to know the social representations of students about the animals to support effective educational measures, which will help prevent the continued instrumental value assigned to animals. The data show that this representation is based on affection and empathy for dogs and cats, and elective speciesism, related to some species. The finding is that children tend to follow a socially connoted classification, indicating the need to adopt educational measures to further break the anthropocentric pattern that guides human relationships with other species.

Dynamic social representations of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic: Shifting patterns of sense-making and blame.

We investigate dynamics of public perceptions of the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic to understand changing patterns of sense-making and blame regarding the outbreak of emerging infectious diseases. We draw on social representation theory combined with a dramaturgical perspective to identify changes in how various collectives are depicted over the course of the pandemic, according to three roles: heroes, villains and victims. Quantitative results based on content analysis of three cross-sectional waves of interviews show a shift from mentions of distant collectives (e.g., far-flung countries) at Wave 1 to local collectives (e.g., risk groups) as the pandemic became of more immediate concern (Wave 2) and declined (Wave 3). Semi-automated content analysis of media coverage shows similar results. Thematic analyses of the discourse associated with collectives revealed that many were consistently perceived as heroes, villains and victims.

Adolescente em conflito com a lei: representações, motivações e punições / Teenagers in conflict with the law: representations, motivations and punishments

Neste estudo, objetivou-se analisar a representação social de adolescente em conflito com a lei entre universitários, bem como a motivação que estes atribuíam para a criminalidade e a punição que julgavam necessária para o autor do ato infracional. Participaram 53 estudantes universitários dos cursos de Psicologia e Direito que responderam a um questionário com perguntas fechadas sobre os próprios dados sociodemográficos e questionário estruturado a partir de uma história dilema contendo ativação contextual com manipulação de variável econômica bairro (rico X pobre) a respeito de um adolescente em questão. A análise de correspondência sugeriu aproximação positiva entre condição financeira e escolaridade. Como motivação para o crime foi apontada, principalmente, a dificuldade financeira dos dois adolescentes e dentre as punições, a prisão foi a forma mais citada pelos dois grupos. As representações sociais se mostraram perpassadas pela baixa condição socioeconômica como sinônimo de criminalidade pautadas, ainda, numa visão punitiva e vingativa.

This study aimed to analyze the social representation of college’s students about teenagers in conflict with the law, as well as the motivation that the college students attributed for crime and the punishment they judge necessary to infraction authors. It included 53 Psychology and Law college students, who answered a self-reported questionnaire on sociodemographic data and a questionnaire structured from the point of view of a dilemma story with contextual activation containing handling of neighborhood as an economic variable (poor X rich) of a given teenager. Correspondence analysis suggested positive approach between education and financial condition. As motivations for the crime were mostly pointed financial difficulties of two teenagers and, as punishment, the prison was the most cited way by both groups. The social representations were permeated by low socioeconomic status as a synonym of crime guiding to a punitive and vindictive view.